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BNOW.NET · Russia · trade-evasion watch

Mirror-trade & evasion watch

Russia's customs service stopped publishing in January 2022. We reconstruct its trade from partner-country reports— what transit hubs say they export to Russia. When a hub's exports of dual-use goods jump far above their pre-war baseline with no domestic-demand basis, it signals rerouting. 31 partner-good series currently flagged.

Flagged dual-use flows (rerouting suspects)

transit hubgood20212024multiplesignal
ChinaVehicles$4.3B$25.5B5.97×6.0× baseline ($4.3B→$25.5B)
United Arab EmiratesElectrical machinery & electronics$732M$2.4B3.29×3.3× baseline ($732M→$2.4B)
United Arab EmiratesTelecom equipment$676M$2.1B3.1×3.1× baseline ($676M→$2.1B)
KazakhstanMachinery & mechanical appliances$10K$996Mnewappeared: $10K→$996M since 2021
United Arab EmiratesMachinery & mechanical appliances$127M$785M6.17×6.2× baseline ($127M→$785M)
KazakhstanElectrical machinery & electronics$892K$637Mnewappeared: $892K→$637M since 2021
United Arab EmiratesComputers$38M$491M12.9×12.9× baseline ($38M→$491M)
ChinaMachine-tool parts$45M$227M5.02×5.0× baseline ($45M→$227M)
ChinaAircraft / drones$31M$208M6.77×6.8× baseline ($31M→$208M)
KazakhstanVehicles$85M$253M2.98×3.0× baseline ($85M→$253M)
United Arab EmiratesVehicles$56M$166M2.98×3.0× baseline ($56M→$166M)
United Arab EmiratesAircraft / drones$73M$167M2.29×2.3× baseline ($73M→$167M)
KazakhstanComputers$9K$71Mnewappeared: $9K→$71M since 2021
GeorgiaVehicles$7M$68M9.24×9.2× baseline ($7M→$68M)
KyrgyzstanMachinery & mechanical appliances$2M$54Mnewappeared: $2M→$54M since 2021
KyrgyzstanVehicles$28M$79M2.8×2.8× baseline ($28M→$79M)
KazakhstanTelecom equipment$333K$43Mnewappeared: $333K→$43M since 2021
ArmeniaAircraft / drones$0K$21Mnewappeared: $0K→$21M since 2021
KazakhstanIntegrated circuits (chips)$2K$16Mnewappeared: $2K→$16M since 2021
TürkiyeTelecom equipment$118K$14Mnewappeared: $118K→$14M since 2021
ArmeniaVehicles$862K$13Mnewappeared: $862K→$13M since 2021
KyrgyzstanIntegrated circuits (chips)$0K$10Mnewappeared: $0K→$10M since 2021
KazakhstanMachine-tool parts$429K$11Mnewappeared: $429K→$11M since 2021
SerbiaVehicles$6M$16M2.55×2.6× baseline ($6M→$16M)
KazakhstanAircraft / drones$30K$7Mnewappeared: $30K→$7M since 2021
TürkiyeComputers$76K$7Mnewappeared: $76K→$7M since 2021
KyrgyzstanTelecom equipment$423K$7Mnewappeared: $423K→$7M since 2021
TürkiyeMachine-tool parts$2M$5Mnewappeared: $2M→$5M since 2021

Total reconstructed exports to Russia

transit hub2021 (pre-war)2024change
China$67.2B$115.3B (2024)1.72×
Kazakhstan$4M$9.5B (2024)
United Arab Emirates$1.5B$4.5B (2023)3.1×
Türkiye$174M$164M (2022)0.94×
Armenia$3M$7M (2024)
Serbia$2M$372K (2024)
Georgia$0K$197K (2024)
Kyrgyzstan$3K$25K (2024)

Source: UN Comtrade (official database) — partner-reported goods exports (flow X) from each listed hub (reporter) to Russia (partner M49 643), annual HS-code series 2021–2024 · last fetched 2026-07-06. Query shape: Comtrade documentation. Mirror data lags ~2–3 months and only ~30% of country-pairs mirror cleanly; figures are estimates of actual flows, not exact — the standard mirror-statistics approach used in public sanctions research.